Supreme Court Overturns Death Sentences of Five Protest Detainees from the 2022 Nationwide Protests

HRANA – The Supreme Court has overturned the death sentences of Rezgar Beigzadeh Babamiri, Pejman Soltani, Ali (Soran) Ghasemi, Kaveh Salehi, and Teyfour Salimi Babamiri, five individuals arrested during the 2022 nationwide protests, whose execution verdicts had previously been issued by the Urmia Revolutionary Court.

Following the ruling, the cases of these individuals have been referred to the Mahabad Revolutionary Court for retrial. It is worth noting that Salimi Babamiri, after being temporarily released, has since left Iran.

These five individuals were tried in a joint case by Branch 1 of the Urmia Revolutionary Court and sentenced to death and imprisonment. The charges against them included “armed rebellion (baghi),” “enmity against God (moharebeh),” and “leadership and formation of an armed insurgent group.” According to the original verdicts, four of them had been sentenced to death more than once. The verdicts were delivered to their defense attorneys on Monday, July 7, 2025.

Specifically, Ghasemi, Soltani, and Salehi were each sentenced to death three times on the charges of baghi, moharebeh, and forming and leading an insurgent group; Rezgar Bigzadeh Babamiri was sentenced to death twice; and Tifour Salimi Babamiri received one death sentence for forming and leading an insurgent group. In addition, eight other defendants in the same case were sentenced to prison terms and fines.

Currently, Soltani, Rezgar Babamiri, Salehi, and Ghasemi are being held in Urmia Prison. These individuals had previously been sentenced respectively to death, 15 years in prison, and 10 years in prison on the charge of “killing a security agent.”

They were arrested in April 2023, while Tifour Salimi Babamiri was detained in March 2023. Salimi Babamiri was released approximately 18 months after his arrest.

Zahra Shahbaz Tabari, Political Prisoner from Rasht, Sentenced to Death

HRANA – Zahra Shahbaz Tabari, a 67-year-old political prisoner from Rasht, has been sentenced to death by Branch 1 of the city’s Revolutionary Court on the charge of “collaboration with anti-regime groups,” based on highly limited and unreliable evidence.

Her trial was held last week via video conference, during which Judge Ahmad Darvish issued the death verdict. According to her family, the entire judicial process was “symbolic and unlawful.”

Her child told HRANA: “The hearing lasted less than ten minutes. My mother had no meaningful access to an independent lawyer. The court-appointed attorney confirmed and signed the verdict without any defense. The whole trial was a show.” They added, “My mother has never had any connection with political or opposition groups; the charges against her are entirely fabricated.”

According to the family, Zahra Shahbaz Tabari was arrested on April 17, 2025, at her home by security agents and later transferred to Lakan Prison in Rasht. During the arrest, the agents searched her home and confiscated her and a family member’s mobile phones and laptop.

The family reports that the alleged evidence in the case is extremely limited and unreliable, including “a piece of fabric bearing the slogan ‘Woman, Resistance, Freedom’” and “an unpublished voice message,” with no proof of organizational or military links. Her child noted that authorities even attempted to accuse her of possessing weapons, claims the family described as “ridiculous and baseless,” particularly given her age and background.

Zahra Shahbaz Tabari is an electrical engineer, a member of the Iranian Engineering Organization, and a graduate of Isfahan University of Technology. She holds a master’s degree in Sustainable Energy from Borås University in Sweden. Her family stated that she was previously arrested for posting peaceful content on social media and was released after three months under electronic monitoring.

In a letter sent by her child to HRANA, they wrote: “She has been detained for about six months or more. The trial was virtual, and the judge announced the death sentence with a smile in a ten-minute session. The appointed lawyer also smiled upon hearing the verdict.” The letter describes severe due process violations and a lack of real evidence, calling the verdict “another example of human rights violations in the Islamic Republic.”

The family added that judicial authorities have accused Ms. Shahbaz Tabari of collaborating with the People’s Mojahedin Organization of Iran (MEK), and they have been given seven days to appeal the verdict. Her son’s letter concludes: “We will do everything we can,” calling on human rights organizations, media, and the public for urgent attention and action.

A Prisoner Executed in Semnan Prison

HRANA – On Wednesday, October 22, 2025, the death sentence of a prisoner previously convicted on drug-related charges was carried out in Semnan Prison.

HRANA has identified this prisoner as Safar Ali Rezaei.

Based on information obtained by HRANA, Mr. Rezaei had been arrested earlier on drug-related charges and later sentenced to death by the Revolutionary Court.

As of the time of this report, the execution of this prisoner has not been announced by prison officials or judicial authorities.

According to HRANA’s report, in 2024, over 52 percent of executed prisoners had been convicted on drug-related charges. Over the past ten years, individuals convicted of drug trafficking have accounted for 40 percent of all executions. Unfortunately, HRANA’s statistics show no progress in reducing executions for drug-related offenses.

Execution of Three Prisoners in Ghezel Hesar Prison of Karaj

HRANA – On October 22, three prisoners were executed in Ghezel Hesar Prison of Karaj. These individuals had previously been sentenced to death on murder charges.

HRANA has identified one of the executed prisoners as Sobhan Zamani, who was hanged at dawn on Wednesday, October 22, 2025.

According to information obtained by HRANA, all three prisoners had previously been arrested on murder charges and later sentenced to death by the Criminal Courts.

The state-run Hamshahri newspaper identified another of the executed prisoners as “Shahab” and reported that “this prisoner killed his friend on July 30, 2023, allegedly over an honor-related motive. He was arrested a few days later in one of the cities of Khorasan Razavi Province. During the trial, the defendant stated that the victim, his longtime friend and drug supplier, had entered his home a few days before the incident and attempted to assault his sister. The defendant later encountered him in the street, leading to a fight in which he killed him.”

According to HRANA’s statistics, Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj carried out the highest number of executions among all Iranian prisons, with 150 inmates hanged. This figure has nearly doubled compared to the previous year, a deeply alarming increase that underscores the escalating use of capital punishment in Iran.

Execution of Four Prisoners in Dastgerd Prison of Isfahan

HRANA – On Wednesday, October 22, four prisoners were executed in Dastgerd Prison of Isfahan on charges related to drug offenses and murder.

HRANA has identified one of those executed as Saman Talebi.

According to information received by HRANA, three prisoners convicted of drug-related charges, including Saman Talebi, as well as another prisoner sentenced to death for murder by the Criminal Court, were executed in this prison.

Further details, including the identities of the three other executed prisoners, are still being investigated by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been announced by prison officials or other relevant authorities.

According to HRANA’s statistics, in 2024, 61 inmates were hanged in Dastgerd Prison in Isfahan, a 74% increase compared to the previous year. This sharp rise reflects a disturbing escalation in executions at this facility.

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Execution of a Prisoner in Esfarayen Prison

HRANA – At dawn on Wednesday, October 22, 2025, the death sentence of a prisoner previously convicted of murder was carried out in Esfarayen Prison, North Khorasan province.

HRANA has identified the individual executed at dawn on Wednesday, October 22, 2025, as Noor-Mohammad Shamlou. According to information obtained by HRANA, Mr. Shamlou had been previously arrested on charges of murder and later sentenced to death by the Criminal Court.

As of the time of this report, the execution of this prisoner has not been announced by prison officials or judicial authorities.
In 2024, according to 812 reports compiled by HRANA, the Iranian regime executed 930 individuals in its prisons—marking the highest number of executions in the past 12 years. Despite the scale of these executions, prison officials and other relevant authorities publicly acknowledged only 6% of them, highlighting the regime’s lack of transparency and accountability.

Two Prisoners Executed in Qazvin Prison

HRANA – At dawn on Tuesday, October 21, the death sentences of two prisoners previously convicted on drug-related charges were carried out in Qazvin Prison.

The identities of the executed prisoners, who were hanged at dawn on October 21, are still being verified by HRANA.

According to information obtained by HRANA, the prisoners had been arrested on drug-related charges and later sentenced to death by the Revolutionary Court.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or judicial institutions.

According to HRANA’s report, in 2024, over 52 percent of executed prisoners had been convicted on drug-related charges. Over the past ten years, individuals convicted of drug trafficking have accounted for 40 percent of all executions. Unfortunately, HRANA’s statistics show no progress in reducing executions for drug-related offenses.

Death Sentence of Abbas Deris Overturned by the Supreme Court

HRANA – The death sentence of Abbas Deris, one of the detainees from the November 2019 protests, has been overturned by the Supreme Court of Iran, and his case has been referred to a parallel branch for retrial.

On October 21, attorney Fereshteh Tabanian announced that the Supreme Court’s First Branch had accepted Deris’s request for retrial, thereby overturning his conviction on the charge of moharebeh (enmity against God). His case will now be reviewed again in a branch of equal standing.

Deris, who is currently held in Mahshahr Prison, had previously been sentenced to death by the Mahshahr Revolutionary Court on the charge of moharebeh. That verdict was upheld in July 2023 by the Supreme Court’s 39th Branch. Following the registration of a retrial request with the Supreme Court’s 9th Branch, an order to halt the execution was issued. After several months, the Supreme Court ultimately accepted the retrial, nullifying his death sentence.

In June 2025, the Supreme Court rejected Deris’s appeal in another part of his case, making his 10-year prison sentence final and forwarding it to the Sentence Enforcement Unit. In that part of the case, the Khuzestan Province Criminal Court (Branch One) had sentenced him to 14 years in prison on charges of murder and possession of a firearm. The most severe punishment, i.e., 10 years in prison, was deemed enforceable.

Abbas Deris was arrested on December 8, 2019, along with his brother Mohsen, by agents of the Abolfazl Abbas Base Intelligence Division.

Deris, aged approximately 52, is the father of three children. While he acknowledged taking part in the November 18, 2019 protests in Chamran Town, he has denied any involvement in burning tires or blocking roads.

Two Prisoners Executed in Yazd Prison

HRANA – At dawn on Tuesday, October 21, the death sentences of two prisoners previously convicted of murder were carried out in Yazd Prison.

HRANA has identified one of the executed individuals as Azim Dastavar. Based on information received by HRANA, the prisoners had been arrested earlier on murder charges and later sentenced to death by the Criminal Court.

Further details, including the identity of the second executed prisoner, are under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or other responsible institutions.

According to HRANA’s statistics, Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj carried out the highest number of executions among all Iranian prisons, with 150 inmates hanged. This figure has nearly doubled compared to the previous year, a deeply alarming increase that underscores the escalating use of capital punishment in Iran.

Drug-Related Charges: Two Prisoners Executed in Adelabad Prison, Shiraz

HRANA – At dawn today, Wednesday, October 22, the death sentences of two prisoners previously convicted on drug-related charges were carried out in Adelabad Prison, Shiraz.

HRANA has identified the executed prisoners as Nader Abdi and Alireza Keshavarz, who were hanged early this morning.

According to information received by HRANA, the two men had been arrested earlier on charges related to drug offenses and later sentenced to death by the Revolutionary Court.

As of the time of this report, prison officials and relevant authorities have not publicly announced these executions.

According to HRANA’s statistics, in 2024, Adelabad Prison in Shiraz witnessed the execution of 92 inmates — an 88% increase compared to the previous year. This sharp rise places Adelabad as the second deadliest prison in Iran after Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj.