A Comprehensive Report of the First 82 days of Nationwide Protests in Iran

  HRANA – Mahsa Amini, a 22-year-old young woman, was arrested by the morality police for the crime of improper hijab. Her arrest and death in detention fueled nationwide protests in Iran. Protesters came to the streets with the central slogan “Women, Life, Freedom” in protest against the performance, laws, and structure of the regime. The following 486-page report is dedicated to the statistical review, analysis, and summary of the first eighty-two days of the ongoing protests (September 17 to December 7, 2022). In this report, in addition to the geographic analysis and the presentation of maps and charts, the identity of 481 deceased, including 68 children and teenagers, an estimated of 18,242 arrested along with the identity of 3,670 arrested citizens, 605 students and 61 journalists or activists in the field of information is compiled. In addition, the report includes a complete collection of 1988 verified video reports by date and topic. The report examines protests across 1115 documented gatherings in all 31 provinces of the country, including 160 cities and 143 universities.

Summary

Mahsa (Zhina) Amini, a young 22-year-old woman from Saqqez, Kurdistan was visiting Tehran, when she was taken into custody on Tuesday, September 13, 2022, by the Morality Police officers at the Haqqani metro station in Tehran. The reason for her arrest: not properly observing the strict Islamic dress code. Mahsa/Zhina was taken to the infamous detention center of Moral Security Police known as Vozara.
Shortly after Mahsa’s arrest, she went into a coma with level three concussion, and her partially alive body was transferred to the intensive care unit of Kasra Hospital. Given the track record of the police and Guidance Patrols in mistreating the arrestees and similar previous incidents, with the believe that Mahsa was beaten during the arrest people were outraged.

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Unpersuasive explanations given by the Central Command of the Islamic Republic Police Force (FARAJA) in defense of its actions regarding the death of Mahsa, the past performance of the police force, along with widespread dissatisfaction with the existence of a body called the Moral Security Police, fueled widespread protests in Iran.
The widespread protests sparked at the time Mahsa Amini was announced dead in front of Kasra Hospital on Argentina Street in Tehran, and then quickly spread to the streets despite the intimidating presence of Iran’s security forces. The protests intensified after Mahsa’s burial in a Saqqez cemetery. To the extent that after eighty-two days of nationwide protests between September 17, 2022, to December 7, 2022, they have spread to Iran’s all 31 provinces, 160 cities, and 143 major universities.
The protests did not stay limited to Mahsa’s death, it rather, quickly targeted the Iranian government’s political and ideological foundations. These protests were violently quashed by the anti-riot police and Iran’s militia force (Basij). teargas, pellets, and live ammunition were used in the repression of protestors. This widespread crackdown has led to the death of dozens of people and the wounding of hundreds of protestors.
Despite sever communication restrictions imposed by the Islamic Republic, this report attempts to give a clearer picture of the first 82 days of the protests between September 17, to December 7, 2022. It’s worth mentioning at the time of this report the protests are still ongoing in various forms.

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For further inquiries please contact Skylar Thompson, Senior Advocacy Coordinator Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRA) at [email protected]

Identifying and introducing the mass graves of executed in 1980’s massacres in Kazerun

The 1980’s executions of the Iranian political prisoners were a series of state-sponsored execution of political prisoners across Iran. The unlawful mass execution is an undeniable truth and a cruel part of contemporary history in Iran. These executions took place between 1981-1988 nationwide and the victims had been buried in distorted areas. During the 1988 executions of the Iranian political prisoners committed by the state, the government used some places as the site of unmarked mass graves for those killed.

The place of their graves is still unknown after four decades and security forces have been trying to demolish these places as documents of human rights violations. Occasionally, some of these places are identified and introduced by the human rights activists. The last place is a mass grave of several victims in northwest of Kazerun which is introduced in this report aiming to investigate serious allegations of human rights violations and crimes against humanity in the Islamic Republic of Iran during the 1980’s.

According to HRANA, Iran’s Human Rights Activist News Agency, during 1980’s, especially between 1981-1988, thousands of political prisoners were illegally executed and buried in unmarked locations. The struggle to identify these places is important for documenting Human Rights violations and crimes against humanity in Iran. Earlier, HRANA published reports about several mass graves in Bandar-e Gaz and Ahvaz. This report, which was prepared based on field research and witnesses interviews, focuses on the mass grave of political prisoners found in Kazerun city, in Fars province.

An irregular unnamed cemetery is in an ally in Neshat street in northwest of Kazerun with the coordinates of 510624205 ad 290628464. This land was never used as a cemetery; it was used as an entrance way to a village. It was used as a mass grave to bury the executed political prisoners with the permission of authorities. According to international organizations and informed parties, 40-50 people were executed in this city and its surroundings between 1981-1988. The executed prisoners are identified as the followings:

Saeed Abedi, Abbas Abedi, Kazem Abedi, Ahmad Nikan, Mohammad Hasan Forsat, Javad Forsat, Maoud Mokhtari, Hamid Mokhtari, Bahram Khayer, Farideh Rahsepar, Fatemeh Hosseini, Sedigheh Sadeghpour, Majid Niknam, Rasoul Dorkhah, Azim Khodadadi, Ebrahim Haya, Keramat Sivandi, Iraj Moghadasi, Elaheh Homayouni, Kavous Rezaei, Majid Kashani, Ghasem Taghipour, Shahram Karimi, Saeed Golestan Fard, Samad Golestan Fard, Mehdi Sheikhian, Mohammad Boostani, Gholamreza Zahedani, Gholam Zarei, Hamid Jokar, Shahnaz Galleh, Nabi Dehghan, Khodadad Moezeni, Bijan Ghasabnejad, Parviz Tohidi, Majid Arasteh, Javad Irani, Javad Izadi, and Mostafa Davoudi.

The precise number and identity of the buried are not mentioned in this report; however, based on the field investigations, it can be claimed that Mehdi Sheikhian, Masoud Mokhtari, Nabi Dehghan, Iraj Moghadasi, Majid Kashani, and Shahnaz Galleh are buried in this mass grave. The primary evaluation confirms that at least 15 bodies are buried in this mass grave. Identifying the rest of the bodies is ongoing.

Kazerun is the capital of Kazerun county in the western Fars province located in south of Iran.

The following video is the current footage of the site: