Category: Executions

January Protests: Amirhossein Maleki and Amirhossein Ebrahimi Executed

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Executions, News
Abolfazl Ebrahimi, Abolfazl Sepahi, Ali Dashti, Alireza Raisi, Alireza Sepahi, Amirhossein Ebrahimi, Amirhossein Maleki, Amirhossein Safari, Erfan Esfandiari, Ghaem Hosseini, Golmohammad Mohammadi, Shervin Bagherian

HRANA – The death sentences of Amirhossein Maleki and Amirhossein Ebrahimi, two individuals arrested during the January 2026 protests in Isfahan, have been carried out. The two prisoners were tried and sentenced to death in a case known as the “Ali Khani Square case” in Isfahan. With their executions, the number of people executed in connection with this case has risen to nine.

According to HRANA, citing Mizan News Agency, the death sentences of Amirhossein Maleki and Amirhossein Ebrahimi, two defendants in the case known as the “Ali Khani Square case” in Isfahan, were carried out this morning.

The Judiciary’s Media Center has claimed that four law enforcement officers were killed during the protests on January 8, 2026, in Ali Khani Square in Isfahan. The institution also alleged that a number of protesters attacked law enforcement officers and damaged public buildings and property.

In outlining the charges against Amirhossein Ebrahimi, Mizan claimed that he was present in Ali Khani Square on the day of the incident and, while carrying a bladed weapon, participated in the destruction of public property and the assault of law enforcement officers. According to the report, Mr. Ebrahimi went into hiding at a relative’s home following the incident and was subsequently arrested along with his brother.

The outlet also alleged that Amirhossein Maleki, known as “Daichi,” was present at the scene and played a role in the deaths of law enforcement officers. The judiciary cited mobile phone tracking, statements by defendants, and other evidence in the case as grounds for attributing the charges to him.

According to Mizan, the two prisoners were sentenced to death on charges of “moharebeh” (enmity against God) and “efsad fel-arz” (corruption on earth) through acts against national security, drawing weapons, and creating widespread insecurity. Their sentences were reviewed by the Supreme Court following appeals and were carried out after being upheld.

HRANA previously reported on several due process concerns in this case, including restrictions on effective access by defendants and their lawyers to case files, court hearings conducted via videoconference, failure to provide complete copies of the verdicts, and allegations of pressure and torture during interrogations.

It should be noted that the death sentences of Erfan Esfandiari and Golmohammad Mohammadi were previously carried out on July 19, 2026; Abolfazl Sepahi and Amirhossein Safari on July 28, 2026; and Ghaem Hosseini on August 20, 2026. In addition, Alireza Sepahi and Alireza Raisi, two other defendants in the case, were executed on October 5, 2026, at Dastgerd Prison in Isfahan.

At the initial trial stage, 15 defendants in this case were sentenced to death. According to information provided by a lawyer, the death sentence of one defendant was overturned by a higher judicial authority, while the death sentences of the remaining 14 defendants were upheld.

The identities of 12 of these individuals have been established as Alireza Sepahi, Abolfazl Sepahi, Erfan Esfandiari, Golmohammad Mohammadi, Amirhossein Safari, Ghaem Hosseini, Shervin Bagherian, Amirhossein Maleki, Ali Dashti, Abolfazl Ebrahimi, Alireza Raisi, and Amirhossein Ebrahimi Analouche.

Two Women Sentenced to 22 Years in Prison Each in Connection with January Protests

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Executions, Freedom of Expression, News
Amirreza Rezaei, HRANA, Mehdi Jalali, Qarchak Prison, Vahid Ghahremani

HRANA – Two women arrested during the January 2026 protests have each been sentenced to 22 years in prison by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court. The two women, who are currently held in Qarchak Prison in Varamin, are co-defendants in a case involving Mehdi Jalali, a cleric sentenced to death, as well as Amirreza Rezaei and Vahid Ghahremani, two other defendants in the case who have also received death sentences.

According to HRANA, two women have been sentenced to prison on charges of “espionage” in a case related to the nationwide protests of January 2026.

According to information obtained by HRANA, Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court sentenced each woman to 22 years in prison. HRANA has not yet been able to verify the identities of the two prisoners, and efforts to establish their identities are ongoing. Both women are currently serving their sentences in Qarchak Prison in Varamin.

A source familiar with the case told HRANA: “The two women initially faced the death penalty, but the judge ultimately granted leniency and sentenced each of them to 22 years in prison.”

The two women are co-defendants in the same case as three other individuals: Amirreza Rezaei, Vahid Ghahremani, and Mehdi Jalali, a cleric and former member of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). All three men have been sentenced to death by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court.

HRANA previously reported on the death sentences issued against these three individuals. In the earlier report, the third defendant was identified only by his first name, “Mehdi.” HRANA has now verified his full identity as Mehdi Jalali.

Amirreza Rezaei and Vahid Ghahremani are among the defendants in this case who were arrested separately by security forces during the nationwide protests of January 2026. Both were sentenced to death by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court on charges including “conducting operations for Israel.”

Mehdi Jalali, another defendant in the case, is a cleric and former member of the IRGC. He was also arrested by security forces during the January 2026 protests and sentenced to death in the joint case involving the four other defendants, on charges including “conducting operations for Israel.”

In addition, Mehdi Jalali has been sentenced to death on charges of “apostasy” by the Special Clerical Court in a separate case. As a result, two death sentences have been issued against the cleric in two separate cases.

The death sentences against Amirreza Rezaei, Vahid Ghahremani, and Mehdi Jalali were formally communicated to them in prison on Monday, October 26, 2026. On Wednesday, October 28, the three prisoners were transferred from the Greater Tehran Prison to Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj.

Currently, the two women sentenced to imprisonment are being held in Qarchak Prison in Varamin, while the three defendants sentenced to death, Amirreza Rezaei, Vahid Ghahremani, and Mehdi Jalali, are held in Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj.

Background on January 2026 Protests:

Protests and strikes by shopkeepers and bazaar merchants began in Tehran on Sunday, December 28, 2025, and within two days spread beyond markets and commercial centers. With the participation of students, citizens, and various social groups, these protests became one of the largest protest movements of recent years. Following the crackdown by security and law enforcement forces, thousands were killed or injured, and tens of thousands were arrested or summoned by security agencies. For more information, readers may refer to HRANA’s comprehensive report titled “Crimson Winter,” documenting the first fifty days following the outbreak of Iran’s nationwide protests.

Three Detainees from January Protests Sentenced to Death

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Executions, News
HRANA, January Protests, Mashhad, Matin Farnian, moharebeh

HRANA – Three individuals arrested during the January 2026 protests, one of whom has been identified by HRANA as 23-year-old Matin Farnian, have been sentenced to death by Branch 5 of the Mashhad Revolutionary Court on charges of “moharebeh” (enmity against God). They are currently held in Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad.

According to HRANA, three citizens have been sentenced to death in Mashhad in connection with the January 2026 protests.

Based on information received by HRANA, the three individuals, one of whom has been identified as Matin Farnian, were sentenced to death in a joint case by Branch 5 of the Mashhad Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Hossein Yazdankhah, on charges of “moharebeh” (enmity against God).

The three were arrested by security forces in Mashhad on January 18 and 19, 2026, in connection with the nationwide protests. Following their arrests, they were transferred to Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad, where they remain detained in different wards, including Ward 6/1.

Matin Farnian, 23, is a native and resident of Mashhad. HRANA is still working to verify the identities of the other two individuals sentenced to death in the same case.

HRANA’s investigation into further details of the case and the judicial proceedings remains ongoing.

Background on January 2026 Protests:

Protests and strikes by shopkeepers and bazaar merchants began in Tehran on Sunday, December 28, 2025, and within two days spread beyond markets and commercial centers. With the participation of students, citizens, and various social groups, these protests became one of the largest protest movements of recent years. Following the crackdown by security and law enforcement forces, thousands were killed or injured, and tens of thousands were arrested or summoned by security agencies. For more information, readers may refer to HRANA’s comprehensive report titled “Crimson Winter,” documenting the first fifty days following the outbreak of Iran’s nationwide protests.

January 2026 Protests: Supreme Court Upholds Death Sentence of Arman Marefati

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Executions, Freedom of Expression, News
Arman Marefati, Ghezel Hesar prison, HRANA, آرمان معرفتی

HRANA – The Supreme Court has upheld the death sentence of Arman Marefati, who was arrested during the January 2026 protests and is currently held at Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj. Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court had previously sentenced him to death.

According to HRANA, the death sentence of Arman Marefati, one of those arrested during the January 2026 protests, has been upheld.

According to information obtained by HRANA, the Supreme Court upheld the death sentence of Arman Marefati, who is currently held in Ward 3, Hall 37 of Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj. He had previously been sentenced to death by Judge Abolghasem Salavati, head of Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, on charges including participation in operational activities against national security, entering religious premises with the intent to cause destruction, and involvement in setting fire to a mosque and a religious seminary.

It is worth noting that the death sentences of two other prisoners, Mehrdad Mohammadinia and Ashkan Maleki, who were co-defendants in the same case as Arman Marefati, were carried out in June 2026. The two prisoners had been sentenced to death on charges of “collaboration with the Zionist regime and hostile governments,” “creating insecurity and public fear,” “destruction and arson of public property,” and “participation in operational activities against national security.”

In February 2026, the Judiciary’s Media Center reported that a court hearing had been held in the case involving the three defendants. During the hearing, the prosecutor’s representative stated that Mr. Marefati, the third defendant in the case, was charged with “assembly and collusion to commit crimes against the country’s internal security” through his participation in protests. However, later in the proceedings, the judge invoked Article 280 of the Criminal Procedure Code to change the charges against him to participation in operational activities against national security, entering religious premises with the intent to cause destruction, involvement in setting fire to a mosque and a religious seminary, and participation in causing approximately 50 billion tomans in damages.

Arman Marefati, approximately 38 years old, is originally from Saqqez County and resides in Tehran, where he worked at a fruit and vegetable market. He was arrested in Tehran during the nationwide protests. In June 2026, he was transferred from the Greater Tehran Penitentiary to Ghezel Hesar Prison.

One Prisoner Executed at Adelabad Prison in Shiraz

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Executions, News
Adelabad Prison, HRANA, Iman Ashraf, Shiraz

HRANA – At dawn on Sunday, November 1, 2026, a prisoner previously sentenced to death on a murder charge was executed at Adelabad Prison in Shiraz.

According to HRANA, a prisoner was executed at Adelabad Prison in Shiraz. HRANA has identified the prisoner, who was hanged at dawn on Sunday, November 1, as Iman Ashraf.

According to information obtained by HRANA, Mr. Ashraf had previously been arrested on a murder charge and subsequently sentenced to death by a criminal court.

As of the time of this report, the execution has not been officially announced by prison authorities or other relevant institutions.

Between October 10, 2025, and October 8, 2026, HRANA documented at least 2,003 executions across Iran, based on 1,857 reports, representing an increase of approximately 29% compared to the previous reporting period. During the same period, HRANA also documented 230 death sentences. For more detailed statistics and analysis of executions in Iran, read HRANA’s latest comprehensive report.

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January 2026 Protests: Shahab Zohdi Sentenced to Death for the Second Time

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Executions, News, Prisoners
Ali Fahim, Amirhossein Hatami, HRANA, Mohammadamin Biglari, Shahab Zohdi, Shahin Vahedparast Kalour

HRANA – Shahab Zohdi, who was arrested during the January 2026 protests and is currently held in Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj, has been sentenced to death for the second time by Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court. He had previously received a death sentence from the same judicial branch, but the Supreme Court overturned the ruling and referred his case for retrial.

According to HRANA, Shahab Zohdi has once again been sentenced to death.

A source close to Zohdi’s family confirmed the news to HRANA, stating: “Following a retrial of Mr. Zohdi’s case, Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Abolghasem Salavati, sentenced him to death for the second time.”

In August 2026, Branch 9 of the Supreme Court overturned Shahab Zohdi’s death sentence and referred his case to Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court for retrial.

In February 2026, Zohdi was initially sentenced to death by Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Abolghasem Salavati, in connection with a case involving a fire at the “185 Shahid Mahmoud Kaveh” Basij base in eastern Tehran.

During the nationwide protests of January 2026, Zohdi and four other prisoners, Mohammadamin Biglari, Shahin Vahedparast Kalour, Amirhossein Hatami, and Ali Fahim, were prosecuted and arrested in a joint case related to the fire at the “185 Shahid Mahmoud Kaveh” Basij base in eastern Tehran on the evening of January 8, 2026.

The court hearing in this case was subsequently held on February 7, 2026, before Branch 15 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Abolghasem Salavati. Their death sentences were issued the following day, February 8.

Previously, an informed source had provided HRANA with details about the judicial proceedings in Zohdi’s case, stating: “The court hearing concerning Mr. Zohdi’s charges was held without his lawyer present. The charges brought against him were ‘assembly and collusion against internal and external security’ and ‘moharebeh (waging war against God) and corruption on earth through setting fire to public property and facilities.'”

It should be noted that the death sentences of Mohammadamin Biglari, Shahin Vahedparast Kalour, Amirhossein Hatami, and Ali Fahim were carried out in April 2026.

Supreme Court Upholds Death Sentence Against Mohammad Naderi

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Executions, Freedom of Expression, News
Ghezel Hesar prison, HRANA, Mohammad Naderi, محمد نادری

HRANA – The death sentence of Mohammad Naderi, a prisoner held in Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj who was arrested amid war-related security developments, has been upheld by the Supreme Court. He had previously been sentenced to death by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court on charges of espionage.

According to HRANA, the death sentence against Mohammad Naderi has been upheld. Based on information received by HRANA, the Supreme Court has upheld the death sentence of Mohammad Naderi, who is currently held in Ward 3, Hall 37 of Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj. He had previously been sentenced to death by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court on charges of “espionage.”

An informed source close to Naderi’s family told HRANA: “Using Starlink satellite internet, photographing certain locations, and sending images to media outlets abroad were among the allegations brought against him and served as the basis for his death sentence.”

Naderi was arrested by security forces in Tehran on March 17, 2026, amid war-related security developments, and transferred to the Greater Tehran Prison. He was subsequently transferred to Ghezel Hesar Prison in October of this year.

January 2026 Protests: Omran Amani Sentenced to Death

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Executions, Freedom of Expression, News
Greater Tehran Prison, HRANA, January 2026 Protests, moharebeh, Omran Amani, عمران امانی

HRANA – Omran Amani, a 21-year-old prisoner held in the Greater Tehran Prison and one of those arrested during the January 2026 protests, has been sentenced to death by Branch 26 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court on charges of “moharebeh” (enmity against God).

According to HRANA, Omran Amani has been sentenced to death. The sentence was issued by Branch 26 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, presided over by Judge Iman Afshari, and communicated to Amani in prison on Saturday, October 24, 2026. Under the ruling, the 21-year-old was sentenced to death on charges of “moharebeh” (waging war against God).

Omran Amani, a native of Kurdistan Province, had previously moved to Tehran in search of employment. He was arrested by security forces during the nationwide protests of January 2026 and is currently held in the Greater Tehran Prison.

HRANA is investigating further details regarding the specific allegations underlying the charge against him and the legal proceedings in his case.

Background on January 2026 Protests:

Protests and strikes by shopkeepers and bazaar merchants began in Tehran on Sunday, December 28, 2025, and within two days spread beyond markets and commercial centers. With the participation of students, citizens, and various social groups, these protests became one of the largest protest movements of recent years. Following the crackdown by security and law enforcement forces, thousands were killed or injured, and tens of thousands were arrested or summoned by security agencies. For more information, readers may refer to HRANA’s comprehensive report titled “Crimson Winter,” documenting the first fifty days following the outbreak of Iran’s nationwide protests.

Tehran Revolutionary Court Sentences Three More Detainees from January Protests to Death

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Executions, Freedom of Expression, News
Amirreza Rezaei, HRANA, irgc, January 2026 Protests, Vahid Ghahremani

HRANA – Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court has sentenced Amirreza Rezaei, Vahid Ghahremani, and a cleric named Mehdi (surname unknown) to death. All three were arrested during the January 2026 protests.

Based on information received by HRANA, Amirreza Rezaei, Vahid Ghahremani, and a cleric named Mehdi (surname unknown) were sentenced to death by Branch 23 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court. Among the charges brought against the three individuals in this case is allegedly carrying out operations on behalf of Israel. The death sentences were communicated to them in prison on Monday, October 26, 2026.

Mehdi, another defendant in the case, is a cleric and a former member of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). He has also been sentenced to death by the Special Clerical Court in a separate case on charges of “apostasy.” Consequently, two death sentences have been issued against him in two separate cases.

The three individuals were arrested separately by security forces during the nationwide protests of January 2026.

On Wednesday, October 28, 2026, they were transferred from the Greater Tehran Prison to Ghezel Hesar Prison in Karaj.

Background on January 2026 Protests:

Protests and strikes by shopkeepers and bazaar merchants began in Tehran on Sunday, December 28, 2025, and within two days spread beyond markets and commercial centers. With the participation of students, citizens, and various social groups, these protests became one of the largest protest movements of recent years. Following the crackdown by security and law enforcement forces, thousands were killed or injured, and tens of thousands were arrested or summoned by security agencies. For more information, readers may refer to HRANA’s comprehensive report titled “Crimson Winter,” documenting the first fifty days following the outbreak of Iran’s nationwide protests.

Five Prisoners Executed in Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad

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Executions, News
Alireza Afagh, Habibollah Davoodi, Mashhad, Vakilabad prison

HRANA – Five prisoners were executed at dawn on Tuesday, October 27, 2026, in Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad. At least three of these prisoners had previously been sentenced to death on drug-related charges.

According to HRANA, citing Haal Vsh, at least five prisoners were executed in Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad on Tuesday, October 27, 2026.

Three of the prisoners have been identified as Habibollah Davoodi, 26, a married father of four young children from Zahedan; Alireza Afagh, approximately 26, single, and a resident of Khalqabad village near Mashhad; and Rasoul Irak (Brahui), 67, a father of seven residing in Galikesh County, Golestan Province, and originally from Sistan and Baluchestan Province.

According to the report, Mr. Davoodi was arrested in Mashhad in 2023 and transferred to Vakilabad Prison in the city. He was subsequently sentenced to death by the Mashhad Revolutionary Court on drug-related charges.

On Monday, October 26, Mr. Davoodi was transferred to solitary confinement in preparation for his execution. He was hanged at dawn on Tuesday, October 27, 2026, without prior notification to his family or the opportunity for a final visit.

Mr. Afagh was arrested in 2021 and subsequently sentenced to death by the Mashhad Revolutionary Court on drug-related charges. Notably, his two brothers, Javad Afagh and Jalal Afagh, were also executed on drug-related charges in Vakilabad Prison in Mashhad over the past two years.

Rasoul Irak (Brahui) was arrested in Mashhad approximately three years ago and subsequently sentenced to death by the city’s Revolutionary Court on drug-related charges. His execution was carried out without prior notification to his family and without allowing them a final visit.

As of the time of this report, the executions of these prisoners have not been officially announced by prison authorities or other relevant institutions.

Between October 10, 2025, and October 8, 2026, HRANA documented at least 2,003 executions across Iran, based on 1,857 reports, representing an increase of approximately 29% compared to the previous reporting period. During the same period, HRANA also documented 230 death sentences. For more detailed statistics and analysis of executions in Iran, read HRANA’s latest comprehensive report.