Category: Executions

Execution of 22 Prisoners on Murder and Drug-Related Charges

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Executions, News
Dorud Prison, Gorgan Prison, Isfahan Prison, Neyshapur Prison, Nowshahr Prison, Saveh Prison, Zanjan Prison

HRANA – At the same time as nationwide protests in Iran, and amid widespread internet disruptions and severe restrictions on the flow of information, the death sentences of at least 22 prisoners, previously convicted on charges of murder and drug-related offenses, were carried out in various prisons across the country.

Based on information received by HRANA, at dawn on Monday, January 19, these individuals were executed on murder charges:

• Navid Jabbari in Neyshapur Prison,
• Alireza Barani in Dorud Prison,
• Kimia Khani in Isfahan Prison,
• Kabir Akhlaghi in Gorgan Prison,
• Kiarash Langaroudi in Zanjan Prison,
• Bahram Hassanpour in Saveh Prison,
• Faramarz Amoozad in Nowshahr Prison

Additionally, Goodarz Barzegar in Kashan Prison and Iman Niri in Kerman Prison were hanged yesterday morning on charges related to drug offenses.

Meanwhile, at dawn today, Tuesday, January 20, the execution sentences of Rastin Majidi in Ahvaz Prison and Sirus Meshkini in Jiroft Prison on murder charges, as well as Mobin Golmohammadi in Yazd Prison and Nader Aini in Bam Prison on drug-related charges, were carried out.

Execution of 9 Other Prisoners

According to Iran Human Rights Organization, on December 31, five prisoners were executed in Shiraz Prison. The identities of those executed were reported as Saeed Partovi, 24, Ali Partovi, Arash Shamsi, 28 and from Fasa, Nasser Mirzaei, 32, and Sohrab Imani, from Shiraz. According to the report, Saeed and Ali Partovi, who were cousins, had been arrested about two years ago on charges of murdering a police officer in Shiraz and were sentenced to death. The death sentences of the other prisoners were also issued by criminal courts on murder charges.

Separately, on January 18, Kian Manouchehri, 22, from Ardakan, was executed in Yazd Prison. In addition, the death sentence of Khosrow Alishahi, 25, from Tehran, was carried out on January 4 in Qom Prison. Furthermore, Seyed Mohammad Attari, 37, and Moharram Sarchemi, 59, a father of four, both from Tabriz, were executed on January 13 in separate cases on murder charges in Tabriz Prison.

As of the time of this report, the executions of these prisoners have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

The continued large-scale implementation of death sentences amid internet shutdowns and severe restrictions on information has intensified concerns over the lack of judicial transparency, prisoners’ denial of access to fair trials, and the heightened risk of violations of the right to life. Human rights organizations have repeatedly warned that carrying out these punishments in a highly securitized and non-transparent environment increases the likelihood of serious human rights violations.

According to HRA’s annual report, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from January 1, 2025 to January 1, 2026. Based on this data, executions increased by 119% compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were even denied the right to a final visit with their families.

At Least 17 Prisoners Executed in Various Prisons Across Iran

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Executions, News
Aligudarz Prison, Borujerd Prison, Kermanshah prison, Khorramabad Prison, Yasuj Prison

HRANA – Amid nationwide protests and the ongoing, widespread internet shutdown in Iran, authorities have carried out the death sentences of at least 17 prisoners in various prisons across the country. The individuals had previously been convicted on charges including murder, drug-related offenses, and moharebeh (enmity against God) through armed robbery.

Based on information received by HRANA, on January 18, Yazdan Mardanpour was executed in Kermanshah Prison; Fereydoun Goodarzi in Aligudarz Prison; Pouya Najafi in Dezful Prison; Bijan Shahrokhi in Khorramabad Prison; Akbar Ganji in Nahavand Prison; Ali Asghar Shahi in Yasuj Prison; and Shiroodeh Maqsoodi in Borujerd Prison. These individuals had previously been arrested on murder charges and were later sentenced to death by criminal courts.

Additionally, Asad Salahshour in Semnan Prison, Eshagh Niazi in Arak Prison, and Sousha Abdi in Hamedan Prison were executed. These prisoners had been sentenced to death on charges related to drug-related offenses.

On the same day, Abdolhassan Yari was executed in the Central Prison of Karaj, along with two other prisoners in Qom Prison, one of whom has been identified by HRANA as Mostafa Kooshki, on charges of moharebeh through armed robbery.

Earlier, at dawn on Saturday, January 17, the death sentences of four prisoners were carried out. Aboutaleb Gholami in Tabriz Prison and Yarmorad Bakhshi in Ardabil Prison were executed on murder charges, while Malek Kavehei in Bandar Abbas Prison and Afshin Akhbari in Qazvin Prison were executed on drug-related charges.

Further details, including the identification of one of the prisoners, are still under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, these executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

The continued large-scale implementation of death sentences amid internet shutdowns and severe restrictions on the flow of information has intensified concerns over the lack of judicial transparency, prisoners’ denial of access to fair trials, and the increased risk of violations of the right to life. Human rights organizations have repeatedly warned that carrying out such punishments in a security-driven and opaque environment significantly increases the likelihood of serious human rights violations.

According to HRA’s annual report, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from January 1, 2025, to January 1, 2026. This represents a 119% increase in executions compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were even denied the right to a final visit with their families.

Execution of at Least 22 Prisoners on Charges of Murder and Drug-Related Offenses

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Executions, News
Bojnurd, Bushehr, Damghan, Esfarayen, Ferdows, HRANA, Mahabad, Malayer, Mashhad, mass executions, Nowshahr, Quchan, Sanandaj

HRANA – Amid nationwide protests and the continued widespread internet shutdown in Iran, between January 12 to January 15, 2026, the death sentences of at least 22 prisoners, including one woman, were carried out in various prisons across the country. These individuals had previously been sentenced to death on charges including murder, drug-related crimes, and moharebeh (enmity against God) through armed robbery.

Based on HRANA’s findings, on Monday, January 12, 2026, Arta Saei was executed in Nowshahr Prison on a charge of murder. On January 13, four other prisoners were executed: Akram Rezaei (female) and Hamzeh Jafari, both on murder charges in Rasht Prison; Kourosh Bozorgmehr on a charge of moharebeh through armed robbery in Sanandaj Prison; and Mohammadjavad Naeimi on a murder charge in Gonabad Prison.

On Wednesday, January 14, 11 prisoners who had previously been sentenced to death on murder charges were executed in various prisons. Among them were three prisoners in Shiraz Prison, one of whom has been identified as Sharif Dehghani; Armin Aghapour in Bushehr Prison; Jalil Shahbazi in Mashhad Prison; Ali Agha Hemmati in Chabahar Prison; Mousa Askari in Damghan Prison; Mehrshad Asadabadi in Mahabad Prison; Seyed Ali Hatami in Ferdows Prison; Ehsan Ansari in Quchan Prison; and Aziz Morad Hosseini in Esfarayen Prison. On the same day, Borzou Mahdinia was executed in Malayer Prison and Farshad Heydari-Kia in Bojnurd Prison. These two prisoners had previously been sentenced to death on drug-related charges.

Continuing on Thursday, January 15, four more prisoners were executed on murder charges. On that day, Azim Omari was executed in Behbahan Prison; Saleh Kaabi in Mahshahr Prison; Omid Jamshidi in Sari Prison; and an Afghan national in Taybad Prison.

Further details, including the identification of three of the prisoners, are still under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

The continued large-scale implementation of death sentences amid internet shutdowns and severe restrictions on the flow of information has intensified concerns over the lack of judicial transparency, prisoners’ denial of access to fair trials, and the heightened risk of violations of the right to life. Human rights organizations have repeatedly warned that carrying out executions in a securitized and opaque environment increases the likelihood of serious human rights abuses.

According to the HRA’s annual report, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from January 1, 2025, to January 1, 2026. This represents a 119% increase in executions compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were even denied the right to a final visit with their families.

Execution of at Least 52 Prisoners in Iran on Murder and Drug-Related Charges

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Executions, News
executions, executions in iran, HRANA, mass executions, Nowshahr, Sanandaj

HRANA – Concurrent with nationwide protests in Iran and amid a widespread internet shutdown across the country, the execution of at least 52 prisoners has been reported in 42 different prisons. These individuals had previously been sentenced to death on charges including murder, drug-related offenses, and other non-political and non-security-related accusations.

Their sentences were carried out between January 5 to 14, 2026. These executions took place under conditions in which public access to information was severely restricted, and independent oversight of judicial proceedings and the implementation of sentences was effectively impossible.

A review of the information received by HRANA indicates that despite the imposition of severe communication restrictions nationwide, the implementation of death sentences continued without interruption. Based on these findings, the executions were carried out in at least 42 prisons across various provinces of Iran, covering a wide range of geographical areas.

Between Monday, January 5 to 12, at least 37 prisoners were executed in various prisons across the country:
Mohammadjavad Rasouli executed in Nowshahr Prison on Monday, January 5; Arsalan Arabi in Rasht Prison on Tuesday, January 6; and Mahyar Mohammadi in Sanandaj Prison on Wednesday, January 7, all on murder charges. Additionally, on Saturday, January 10, multiple executions on murder charges were recorded in different prisons, including Mostafa Sheikhi in Khorramabad Prison, Samyar Emkani in Kermanshah Prison, Ebrahim Rayati in Hamedan Prison, Bahman Shokri in Dezful Prison, and Masoud Mardani in Yasuj Prison.

Furthermore, on Sunday, January 11, the executions of Simrad Zali in Borujerd Prison, Ayin Mousavi in Qom Prison, Hamid Khatib in Ardabil Prison, Jabbar Gholipour in Qazvin Prison, and Alireza Bagheri in Tabriz Prison were reported, all on murder charges. Also, on Monday, January 12, the executions of Ali Teymouri in Gorgan Prison, Parviz Khani in Neyshabur Prison, Sobhan Ghasemi in Dorud Prison, Hossein Jalili in Zanjan Prison, Javad Bahrami in Saveh Prison, Sajad Bamari in Kerman Prison, and Habibollah Shakeri in Kashan Prison were reported on murder charges.

In addition to murder charges, a number of the executions were reported to have been carried out on drug-related charges. Ahmad Hemmati was executed in Gonabad Prison on Wednesday, January 7; Khodarahm Mehri in Esfarayen Prison on the same day; Vali Karambeigi-Nejad in Quchan Prison on Thursday, January 8; Mehdi Babaei in Nahavand Prison on Saturday, January 10; Abdolhossein Zakipour in Arak Prison on Sunday, January 11; and Mola Joozipour in Semnan Prison on Sunday, all on charges related to drug offenses.

During the current week, a new wave of executions has been reported. On Saturday, January 10, the execution of two prisoners in Karaj Prison on drug-related charges was recorded; the identity of one of them was announced as Sasan Amini. On the same day, the execution of three prisoners in Aligudarz Prison on murder charges was reported, with the identities of two of them announced as Reza Shahmohammadi and Younes Parsa. On Sunday, January 11, the execution of two prisoners in Bandar Abbas Prison on murder charges was also reported, with the identity of one of them announced as Behzad Niazi. Additionally, on Monday, January 12, the execution of four prisoners in Isfahan Prison on murder charges was recorded, with the identity of one of them announced as Sattar Ahmadi.

On Tuesday, January 13, at least 10 prisoners were executed in various prisons across the country. According to available information, six prisoners were executed on murder charges, including Sohrab Fathi in Birjand Prison, Morteza Gholami in Ilam Prison, Mohammad-Amin Boghlani in Ahvaz Prison, Hamed Latifi in Yazd Prison, Najafali Navabi in Jiroft Prison, and Jalal Bakhtiari in Borazjan Prison. On the same day, Karim Piri in Bam Prison, Keyomars Sanaei in Khaf Prison, and Aziz Alipanahi in Yazd Prison were executed on charges related to drug offenses, and another prisoner was executed in Yazd on non-political and non-security-related charges.

On Wednesday, January 14, the execution of at least five prisoners on murder charges was also reported: Dariush Bozorgi  in Mahabad Prison; Mostafa Azizi and Arman Mohammadian in Kashmar Prison; Yaser Akbari in Shahrekord Prison; and Khosrow Abdi in Sabzevar Prison.

Further details, including the identification of seven of the prisoners, are still under review by HRANA.

As of the time this report was compiled, the executions of these prisoners have not been officially announced by prison authorities or responsible institutions.

The continuation of the widespread implementation of death sentences amid internet shutdowns and severe restrictions on the flow of information has intensified concerns over the lack of judicial transparency, prisoners’ denial of access to fair trials, and the heightened risk of violations of the right to life. Human rights organizations have repeatedly warned that carrying out these punishments in a securitized and opaque environment increases the likelihood of serious human rights violations.

According to HRA’s annual report on the human rights situation in Iran, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from January 1, 2025, to January 1, 2026. Based on this report, executions increased by 119% compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were even denied the right to a final visit with their families.

Eight Prisoners Executed in Prisons Across Iran

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Executions, News
Behbahan, Bojnurd, Bukan, Ferdows, Mahshahr, Sari, Taybad

HRANA – In recent days, the death sentences of at least eight prisoners, previously convicted on charges related to drug offenses and murder, were carried out in the prisons of Bojnurd, Sari, Taybad, Mahshahr, Ferdows, Behbahan, and Bukan.

The identities of seven of these prisoners, Ramin Navazi, Shahram Aghcheli, Nemat Gholami, Sharif Hadavi, Majid Madadi, Abdollah Dashti, and Ali-Bakhsh Khanmohammadi, have been confirmed by HRANA.

Based on information received by HRANA, today, January 8, Ramin Navazi, convicted of drug-related charges, was executed in Bojnurd Prison. The death sentence of Shahram Aghcheli, convicted of murder, was carried out in Sari Prison. In Taybad Prison, two prisoners, both sentenced to death on drug-related charges, were executed; the identity of one of them, Nemat Gholami, has been confirmed by HRANA.

Meanwhile, on Wednesday, January 7, the death sentence of Sharif Hadavi, convicted of murder, was carried out in Mahshahr Prison. On Tuesday, January 6, 2026, Majid Madadi, also convicted of murder, was executed in Ferdows Prison. On the same day, Abdollah Dashti was executed on murder charges in Behbahan Prison.

Additionally, on Monday, January 5, 2026, Ali-Bakhsh Khanmohammadi, convicted of murder, was hanged in Bukan Prison.

Further details, including the identification of one of the prisoners, are still under review by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, the executions of these prisoners have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

According to HRA’s annual report, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during 2025. Based on this report, executions increased by 119% compared to 2024.

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At Least 11 Prisoners, Including One Woman, Executed in Iranian Prisons

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Bushehr, Chabahar, Citizen executed, Damghan, HRANA, Kashmar, Mahabad, Malayer, Sabzevar, Shahrekord, Shiraz

HRANA – Today, January 7, 2025, the death sentences of 10 prisoners who had previously been sentenced to death on charges related to drug-related offenses and murder were carried out in the prisons of Shiraz, Kashmar, Shahrekord, Bushehr, Mashhad, Chabahar, Damghan, Malayer, and Sabzevar. Separately, at dawn yesterday, another prisoner was executed in Mahabad Prison.

HRANA has confirmed the identities of nine of those executed at dawn today, Wednesday, January 7:

• Sobhan Yeganeh on drug-related charges in Shiraz Prison,
• Khodamorad Hemmati on drug-related charges in Kashmar Prison,
• Behzad Alipour on murder charges in Shahrekord Prison,
• Davoud Bagherzadeh on murder charges in Bushehr Prison,
• Soheila Azizi, along with another prisoner, on drug-related charges in Mashhad Prison
• Mosib Chamani on murder charges in Chabahar Prison,
• Bahman Yarbeygi on murder charges in Damghan Prison
• Bagher Bazvand on drug-related charges in Malayer Prison
• Almas Mehdi-Nejad on drug-related charges in Sabzevar Prison
Additionally, at dawn yesterday, a prisoner identified as Rouhollah Aghapour was executed on murder charges  in Mahabad Prison.

Further details, including confirmation of the identity of the other executed prisoner, are still under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

According to HRA’s annual report, in 2025, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran. Based on this data, executions increased by 119% compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were even denied the right to a final visit with their families.

Execution of Death Sentences for Seven Prisoners in Various Prisons

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Executions, News
ahvaz, Birjand, Borazjan, Ilam, Jiroft, Khaf, Sepidar Prison

HRANA – Today, Tuesday, the death sentences of seven prisoners convicted on charges related to drug offenses and murder were carried out in the prisons of Ilam, Birjand, Khaf, Borazjan, Jiroft, and Sepidar Prison in Ahvaz.

HRANA has confirmed the identities of six of those executed as follows:

• Fardin Sohrabzadeh, executed on murder charges in Ilam Prison;
• Karam Shah Bahri, executed on drug-related charges in Birjand Prison;
• Sultan Morad Rasouli, executed on drug-related charges in Khaf Prison;
• Mehran Choopani, executed on drug-related charges in Jiroft Prison;
• Farajollah Tabarak, executed on murder charges in Borazjan Prison;
• Moslem Haji Babaei, executed on murder charges along with another unidentified prisoner in Sepidar Prison in Ahvaz.

Further details regarding this case, including confirmation of the identity of the other executed prisoner, remain under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of publication, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

According to the annual report published by the Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRA), at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran between January 1, 2025, and January 1, 2026—representing a 119% increase compared to 2024. In many cases, executions were carried out in secrecy, depriving prisoners of the right to a final visit with their families.

19 Prisoners Executed in Multiple Prisons

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Adelabad Prison, Aligudarz, Ardabil, Bandar-Abbas, Borujerd, Dezful, Hamedan, Karaj Penitentiary, Kermanshah, Khorramabad, Nahavand, Qom, Semnan, Shiraz, Tabriz Prison

HRANA – On Sunday, January 4, the death sentences of 16 prisoners, previously convicted on charges related to drug offenses and murder, were carried out in various prisons across Iran. Additionally, on January 3, the death sentences of three prisoners convicted of murder and moharebeh (enmity against God) through armed robbery were carried out in Adelabad Prison in Shiraz.

The identities of the 16 prisoners executed at dawn on Sunday, January 4, have been confirmed by HRANA as follows:

  • • Aydin Salavati, executed on drug-related charges in Tabriz Prison

  • • Ebrahim Bazvand, executed on murder charges in Tabriz Prison

  • • Nima (last name unknown), executed in Bandar Abbas Prison

  • • Saeed Rostami, executed in Qazvin Prison

  • • Amin Elahi, executed on murder charges in Qom Prison

  • • Arman Nazari, executed on drug-related charges in Semnan Prison

  • • Vali Karambeigi, executed on murder charges in Borujerd Prison

  • • Sajad Golmohammadi, executed on murder charges in Ardabil Prison

  • • Kazem Sourian, executed on murder charges in Khorramabad Prison

  • • Soroush Khani, executed on murder charges in Karaj Penitentiary

  • • Mohsen Qaedrahmat, executed on murder charges in Aligudarz Prison

  • • Shakaram Masti, executed on murder charges in Kermanshah Prison

  • • Hamid Reza Moradi, executed on murder charges in Dezful Prison

  • • Asghar Babaei, executed on drug-related charges in Hamedan Prison

  • • Noureddin Eidizadeh, executed on murder charges in Nahavand Prison

  • • Ahmad Saki, executed on drug-related charges in Nahavand Prison

Additionally, three prisoners were executed on January 3 in Adelabad Prison in Shiraz. The identities of two of them have been confirmed by HRANA as Asghar Shahi and Khalil Rahmani. Mr. Rahmani had been arrested and sentenced to death on charges of murder, while Mr. Shahi and the third prisoner had been sentenced to death on charges of moharebeh through armed robbery.

As of the time of this report, the executions have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant state institutions.

According to the annual report on the state of human rights in Iran, published by the Statistics, Publications, and Documentation Unit of the Human Rights Activists in Iran, at least 2,063 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from January 1, 2025, to January 1, 2026. Based on this report, the number of executions more than doubled compared to 2024. In many cases, due to secrecy surrounding executions, prisoners were denied the right to a final visit with their families.

Iran Carries Out at Least 26 Executions Within 48 Hours

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Adelabad Prison, Bushehr, Chabahar, Damghan, HRANA, Kashmar, Lakan prison, Mahabad, Malayer, Rasht, Sabzevar, Semnan, Shahrekord, Shiraz

HRANA – Over the past two days, at least 26 prisoners have been executed in various prisons across Iran on charges related to drug offenses and murder.

Tuesday, December 30

Previously, HRANA had reported in another report the execution of nine prisoners on that day. In addition to those nine, the following executions were also reported on the same day.

According to HRANA, a prisoner named Hojjat Amini-Zadeh was executed on a murder charge in Shahrekord Prison. Another prisoner, whose identity remains unknown, was also executed on a murder charge in Lakan Prison in Rasht.
The outlet Haal Vsh reported the execution of Mansour Rigi (Chakerzehi), a 38-year-old father of four from Zahedan, who was executed in Semnan Prison on charges related to drug offenses.

Wednesday, December 31
HRANA reported the executions of the following individuals:

• Mohsen Jadidi and Manouchehr Niazi, on murder charges, in Qezel Hesar Prison in Karaj
• Mehran Hosseini and Keramat Safari, on drug-related charges, in Mashhad Prison
• Moslem Rafiei-Nia, on drug-related charges, in Malayer Prison
• Samad Azizi, on drug-related charges, in Damghan Prison
• Niazali Yari, on drug-related charges, in Sabzevar Prison
• Sohbat Fathi, on a murder charge, in Mahabad Prison
• Meysam Naseri, on a murder charge, in Bushehr Prison
• Karamali Khani, on a murder charge, in Kashmar Prison
• One Afghan national, on a murder charge, in Chabahar Prison
• Three prisoners on murder charges in Adelabad Prison in Shiraz; HRANA has confirmed the identity of one of them as Ehsan Dehghan Panah

As of the time of this report, the executions of these prisoners have not been officially announced by prison authorities or relevant institutions.

In December 2025, HRANA recorded the execution of 369 prisoners. The number of executions carried out in Iran over the past year has been unprecedented in the last decade. For more details, refer to HRANA’s annual report.

At Least Nine Prisoners Executed in Iran on December 30

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ahvaz, Bam, Birjand, Borazjan, HRANA, Ilam, Jiroft, Khaf, Sheiban Prison, Yazd

HRANA – At dawn yesterday, December 30, at least nine prisoners were executed in the prisons of Jiroft, Yazd, Borazjan, Ilam, Khaf, Birjand, Bam, and Sheiban Prison in Ahvaz. These prisoners had previously been sentenced to death on charges related to drug offenses and murder.

HRANA has confirmed the identities of eight of those executed. Based on information received by HRANA, Sajad Vaisi was executed in Jiroft Prison and Mahmoud Zarei in Yazd Prison. The death sentences of Ali Akbar Barzegar in Borazjan Prison, Peyman Zamani in Ilam Prison, and Khodarahm Ahmadi in Khaf Prison were also carried out.

Ali Mohammad Dastar was executed in Birjand Prison, Yahya Panahi Rad in Bam Prison, and Amin Khosroabadi in Sheiban Prison in Ahvaz.

Vaisi, Barzegar, Zamani, Panahi Rad, and Khosroabadi had previously been arrested on murder charges and later sentenced to death by criminal courts. The death sentences of the other prisoners, who had been convicted on charges related to drug offenses, were issued by Revolutionary Courts.

Further details, including the identity of the ninth prisoner executed on a murder charge in Sheiban Prison in Ahvaz, remain under investigation by HRANA.

As of the time of this report, prison authorities and relevant institutions have not officially announced these executions.

According to the annual report on the human rights situation in Iran, published by the Statistics, Publications, and Documentation Unit of the Human Rights Activists in Iran, at least 1,922 people were executed in Iran during the one-year period from early January to December 20, 2025. Based on this data, executions increased by 106.6 percent compared to 2024. In many of these cases, due to secrecy, prisoners were denied even the right to a final visit with their families.